portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">應用于檢測食品中的微量金屬，也可用于檢測食品中的非金屬元素，如氯、磷等。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">常用的有portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">干法灰化、濕法消化、微波消解三大類。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">原則是：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">方法簡便，使用試劑越少越好；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">耗時短，有機物破壞的越徹底越好；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">被測元素不受損失；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">破壞后溶液容易處理，不影響以后的測定步驟。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">1.1 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">干法灰化portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">常見灼燒裝置是灰化爐，即高溫馬弗爐。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">樣品放入坩堝，小心炭化，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">500~600portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">℃灼燒灰化portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">后，水分及揮發物質以氣態逸出，樣品中的碳、氫、氮與本身的氧及空氣中的氧氣生成portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">COportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">、portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Hportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Oportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">和氮的氧化物散失，最后留下無機物（無機灰分）。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">優點是有機物被破壞徹底，操作簡單，使用試劑少，適用于大批量樣品的分析測定。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">缺點是砷、汞、鉛等金屬容易在高溫下揮發損失。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">對于難以灰化的樣品，為了縮短灰化時間，促進灰化完全，可用灰化助劑。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">灰化助劑有兩類：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">乙醇、硝酸、碳酸銨、過氧化氫，灼燒后完全消失，不增加殘灰質量，可加速灰化。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">氧化鎂、碳酸鹽、硝酸鹽，與灰分混雜，使碳粒不被覆蓋，所以燃燒完全，應同時做空白試驗。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">1.2 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">濕法消化portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">在強酸、強氧化劑并加熱的條件下，有機質被分解，其中碳、氫、氮以portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">CO2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">、portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">H2Oportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">和氮的氧化物等形式揮發逸出，無機鹽和金屬離子則留在溶液中。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">平板電爐portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">為消解裝置，整個過程都在液體狀態下加熱進行，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(154, 205, 50);">置于通風處portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">所用的強氧化劑有：濃硫酸、濃硝酸、高氯酸、雙氧水等，實際工作中一般使用混合氧化劑。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">優點是加熱溫度較干法低，減少了金屬揮發逸散的損失。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">缺點是會產生大量有毒氣體，操作需在通風柜中進行。耗用試劑較多。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">消化初期，產生大量泡沫，易沖出瓶頸，造成損失，需操作人員隨時照管，操作中還應控制火力，注意防爆。必須做空白試驗。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">1.3 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">微波消解portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">將樣品置于密封的聚四氟乙烯消解管中，微波加熱，完成有機質分解的工作。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">優點是樣品portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(154, 205, 50);">全部消解不會造成元素損失portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">，試劑少，耗時短，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">缺點是價格高，容量偏小，不宜處理高揮發性的物質（容易發生爆炸），必要時需進行加熱預消解。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: red;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: purple;">二portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: purple;">、蒸餾法portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: purple;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">定義：利用液體混合物中各組分揮發性的不同，分離出純組分的方法。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">用于除去干擾組分，也可用于蒸餾分離出被測組分。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">常用蒸餾法有：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">常壓蒸餾、減壓蒸餾、水蒸氣蒸餾。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">2.1 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">常壓蒸餾portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">常壓蒸餾portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">用于受熱后不發生分解或沸點不太高的樣品。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">如二氧化硫。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">沸點不高于portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">90portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">℃可用水浴，如果沸點超過portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">90portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">℃，可改用油浴、沙浴、鹽浴。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">蒸餾器要加石棉或棉墊保溫。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">如被蒸餾物不易爆炸或燃燒，可用酒精燈或電爐直接加熱。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">2.2 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">減壓蒸餾portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">減壓蒸餾portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">用于常壓下容易分解或沸點太高，或被蒸餾組分與水分形成共沸物不易蒸餾完全的樣品。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: red;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">2.3 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">水蒸氣蒸餾portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">水蒸氣蒸餾portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">適用于檢測食品樣品中的揮發性物質或低沸點物質。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">如糕點中的丙酸和portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">N-portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">亞硝胺類。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: purple;">三portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: purple;">、溶劑提取法portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: purple;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">利用樣品或試液中各組分對某種溶劑溶解度不同，加入某些溶劑，將欲分離組分完全或部分分離的方法。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">根據兩相狀態不同可分portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">固portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">-portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">液萃取法、液portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">-portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">液萃取法。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">3.1 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">固portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">-portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">液萃取法portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">用適當的溶劑將固體樣品中的某組分萃取出來，又稱浸提法。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">溶劑既要對被提取組分有很好的溶解度，又不與樣品發生作用，同時沸點不應太高，否則不利于溶劑回收。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">常用的固portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">-portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">液萃取模式有：振蕩萃取、勻漿萃取、索氏萃取器萃取、超聲波萃取等。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">3.1.1 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">振蕩萃取portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">均勻樣品可直接加入溶劑，浸泡后在振蕩器上振蕩。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">非均勻樣品可先加入適量蒸餾水勻漿后，再加入溶劑浸泡、振蕩portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">30~60minportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">振蕩后過濾，殘渣用溶劑洗滌，合并入萃取液。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">可用于提取六六六、滴滴涕。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
3.1.2 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">勻漿萃取portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">準確稱取適量樣品，加入一定體積溶劑，高速勻漿機快速搗碎制成勻漿，過濾。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">為萃取充分，濾渣可加溶劑重復萃取，合并萃取液。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">如乙腈作為溶劑勻漿萃取果蔬中的農藥組分。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
3.1.3 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">索氏萃取器portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">通過連續循環回流萃取，效率高，但時間較長portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">如脂肪測定。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
3.1.4 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">超聲波萃取portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">細微狀態樣品置于容器中，加入溶劑，將容器浸于超聲波儀中，以超聲波加速分析物的溶解和擴散，提高萃取效率。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">用于快速提取樣品中的待測目標化合物。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">3.2 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">液portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">-portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">液萃取法portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">利用分析物與干擾物在兩種不相容的溶劑中分配系數不同，使分析物從干擾物中分離，從而達到樣品液的凈化。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">通常將分析物分離到有機相，通過有機溶劑蒸發來濃縮分析物。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
3.2.1 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">溶劑的選擇portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">與水互溶的有機溶劑，不適用液液萃取。如低分子量的醇、酮、醛、乙腈。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">采用單一純溶劑提取多組分殘留物的效果經常不理想，通常用非極性溶劑和極性溶劑組成一對溶劑來進行分配。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">常用溶劑對有丙酮portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">-portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">乙烷（石油醚）、portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">環己烷portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">-portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">乙酸乙酯。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">選擇溶劑應符合portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">“portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">相似相溶portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">”portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">原則，溶劑的極性越接近分析物的極性，萃取效率越高。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">常用溶劑的極性大小順序為：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">水portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">乙腈portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">甲醇portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">乙酸乙醇portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">異丙醇portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">丙酮portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">四氫呋喃portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">乙酸乙酯portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">三氯甲烷portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">硝基甲烷portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">二氯甲烷portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">乙醚portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">苯portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">甲苯portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">四氯化碳portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">二硫化碳portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">環己烷portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">>portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">正己烷portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">3.2.2 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">的影響portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">影響有效萃取的最重要因素之一。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">脫氫乙酸portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">、苯甲酸、山梨酸等在酸性條件下會溶解在某些有機溶劑中，將樣品portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">-portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">溶劑體系portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">pHportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">值調至堿性，化合物就會生成鹽類分配到水相中。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">萃取出的堿性分析物可反萃取到酸性有機溶液中。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">如氣象色譜法測定脫氫乙酸、過氧化苯甲酰等。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
3.2.3 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">避免和破壞乳化的常用方法portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">急速振動樣品使其在分液漏斗中發生完全的混合，是一個非常重要的操作。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">產生大量的界面區域，利于有效分配。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">由于物質劇烈振動，液液萃取中常發生乳化現象，尤其是含有表面活性劑和脂肪的樣品，portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(154, 205, 50);">會影響被測組分數據的準確portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">避免和破壞乳化的方法有：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">混合震搖時，輕緩的固定一個方向震搖；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">采用高速離心振蕩或振蕩后再用玻璃棉或濾紙過濾；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">加鹽到水相，通常有portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">NaClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">固體、portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">2%~5%NaClportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">溶液或portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">Na2SO4portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">溶液。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">加入少量另一種有機溶劑，如無水乙醇。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: red;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: purple;">四portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: purple;">、樣品的濃縮portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: purple;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">目的：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">從樣品中萃取的分析物濃度如果在定量限之上，那么在色譜分析時將沒有干擾，可直接進行測定。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">但當被測化合物的濃度較低時，需要在凈化和測定前將萃取液濃縮。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">樣品液的濃縮過程就是溶劑揮發的過程。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">將溶劑蒸發至近干即可，否則由于溶劑蒸干會導致分析物損失。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">常用濃縮方法：
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">4.1 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">自然揮發或氮氣流下揮發portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">適用于小體積樣品液和易揮發溶劑，可適當加熱。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: red;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">4.2 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">減壓旋轉蒸發portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">優點是溫度低，濃縮速度快。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">但旋轉蒸發過程中，水浴溫度不宜過高，真空度不宜過低，否則溶劑蒸發過快易帶走目標化合物。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: purple;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">五portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: purple;">、氣相色譜化學衍生化portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: purple;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">利用化學反應使樣品中目標分析物與衍生化試劑作用生成衍生物（portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(154, 205, 50);">改變樣品化學性質portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">），使其適合于特定的分析方法。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">在氣相色譜分析中，制備衍生物的目的是：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">解決原化合物不能直接進樣分析的問題：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">某些物質揮發性過高或過低，難以汽化，或者極性太強或穩定性差，不能直接進樣分析。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">如：脂肪酸沸點高，難汽化，經甲酯化生成脂肪酸甲酯衍生物，易于氣相色譜分析。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">通過制備衍生物對分析物進行分離和鑒定：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">如：環己基氨基磺酸鈉在酸性條件下與亞硝酸鈉反應，生成特定的化合物，從而可用氣相色譜法氫火焰離子化檢測器進行定性定量測定。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">化合物通過特有試劑衍生化后進行檢測：portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">化合物經特有試劑衍生后，可用選擇性檢測器進行分析，提高靈敏度及最低檢測量。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">如：奶粉中的碘，在適當條件下，用丁酮衍生后，生成的碘丁酮可以用氣相色譜電子捕獲檢測器進行測定。
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portant; word-wrap: break-word !important;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">5.1 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">衍生化方法的要求portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">反應容易重復，操作簡單；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">反應能定量進行；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">衍生物易純化；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">衍生物易于色譜分離和檢測；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">沒有或少有副反應，反應條件溫和、產率高；portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">衍生物的沸點與原化合物的沸點相比至少差portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">10portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">℃。
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: red;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">5.2 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">常見衍生化反應portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
5.2.1 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">硅烷化反應portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">三甲基硅烷portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: red;">化應用較多。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: red;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">含有羥基、羧基、巰基、氨基等官能團的化合物與硅烷化試劑反應后，官能團上的氫原子被烷基portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">-portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">硅基取代，生成極性低、揮發性高、熱穩定性好的硅烷基化合物。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">硅烷化反應體系中不能含有水分，否則會導致衍生失敗。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">選用溶劑一般為己烷、苯、吡啶、四氫呋喃、二甲基亞砜等非極性溶劑。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">制備衍生物時，將樣品提取液揮發至干，加入硅烷化衍生試劑portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">50~100μLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">，混勻后在portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">60~80portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">℃下加熱portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">20~60minportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
5.2.2 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">酰化反應portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">官能團中活潑氫被酰基取代，生成極性低、揮發性高的衍生物。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">酰化反應可分為酸酐法和鹵代酰基法。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">制備衍生物時，將樣品提取液揮發至干，加入酰化衍生試劑portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">100μLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">，再加portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">50μLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">吡啶，混勻后在portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">60~80portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">℃下加熱portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">20~30minportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
5.2.3 portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">酯化反應portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">特別適用于含羥基的脂肪酸、氨基酸、羧基酸、不飽和酸、多元酸、芳香酸、多環酸、無機酸等化合物的衍生化。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">通常有甲酯化、丁酯化、芐酯化。portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">制備衍生物時，將樣品提取液揮發至干，加入酯化衍生試劑portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">100μLportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">，混勻后在portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">60portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">℃加熱portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">20~30minportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 宋體; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">。
